Advancements in Carbon Capture and Storage

This review looks at the most recent improvements in carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology, including collection methods, storage alternatives, and usage paths for reducing atmospheric CO2 and combating climate change.

Introduction to Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology is critical for reducing climate change because it captures carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from a variety of sources, including power plants and industrial operations, and stores them underground in geological formations. CCS is important because of its ability to reduce atmospheric CO2 levels, which is required to meet global climate targets (Blomberg et al., 2021). Despite being a relatively new technology, CCS has been used in over 300 projects in 30 countries, demonstrating its growing importance in the fight against climate change (Cherepovitsyn et al., 2020).

CCS employs a variety of approaches, including postcombustion CO2 capture with solid adsorbents such as carbon-based materials (Creamer & Gao, 2016), amine-based capture technologies (Yamada, 2020), and mixed plastic waste gasification for hydrogen production and CCS (Lan & Yao, 2022). These numerous approaches highlight CCS’s adaptability in tackling CO2 emissions in a variety of areas. Furthermore, the exploitation of CO2 captured through CCS is investigated, with a focus on the circular carbon economy concept as a means of investing in CO2 while also protecting the environment (Alsarhan et al., 2021).

The societal acceptance of CCS technology is critical to their effective adoption (Alphen et al. 2007). Public awareness and education are crucial in popularizing CCS and gaining support for its wider deployment (Vasilev et al., 2021). Furthermore, the economic prospects linked with CCS projects, particularly in Russia, show the benefits of both environmental conservation and economic growth (Tcvetkov & Cherepovitsyn, 2016).

To improve the efficiency of CO2 capture, researchers are looking into advanced materials such as metal-organic frameworks and porous carbon impregnated with polyethyleneimine. These advancements aim to improve the collection and storage capacity of CCS technology, making them more effective at decreasing CO2 emissions. Furthermore, modeling and simulation studies are carried out to improve the CCS process and ensure its seamless integration into industrial energy systems (Oko et al., 2015).

CCS technology is an important tool in the fight against climate change, providing a practical option for lowering CO2 emissions and reducing their environmental impact. CCS requires ongoing research and development to improve its efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and global acceptance.

Methods of Carbon Capture

Various methods for capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) are critical in combating climate change. Pre-combustion, post-combustion, and oxy-fuel combustion are popular methods used for CO2 collection, each with its own efficiency and applicability. Ahmad et al. (2021). Pre-combustion capture is the process of capturing CO2 before fossil fuel combustion, which is commonly accomplished through gasification (Donskoy, 2021). This approach is useful for extracting CO2 from industrial operations and power plants (Cormoş et al. 2009). Post-combustion capture, on the other hand, removes CO2 from flue gas after combustion, making it appropriate for existing power plants (Ogawa, 2013). Oxy-fuel combustion capture involves burning fuels in oxygen rather than air, producing a flue gas stream with high CO2 concentrations that can be easily captured (Eriksson et al., 2014).

Chemical absorption with amine solvents is a practical and cost-effective approach for CO2 capture, especially in post-combustion processes (Hamed, 2023). Furthermore, physical adsorption methods using adsorbent materials have been investigated for CO2 collection, however they are better suited to high-pressure and low-temperature circumstances (Shamiri & Shafeeyan, 2022). Carbon-based adsorbents and composites have showed promise for efficient CO2 capture (Choi et al., 2009; Ling & Feng, 2023). Furthermore, because of their unique features, ionic liquids have emerged as a possible sorbent for CO2 collection (Bi et al. 2012).

Innovative techniques, such as using porous carbons with customized surface chemistry, have been studied to improve CO2 adsorption capacity (Sánchez-Sánchez et al., 2014). Furthermore, the development of membranes, notably graphene-based membranes, has showed promise for selective CO2 capture (Aditi et al., 2020; Alqaheem, 2021). Electrochemical technologies, such as direct electrolysis of CO2, provide efficient means to generate CO or syngas while using CO2 in a carbon-neutral fuel cycle (Cumming et al., 2016). Furthermore, the usage of amyloid fibers and other protein-based materials has shown promise in selective CO2 capture (Li et al., 2013).

A mix of these many approaches and materials is required to establish complete carbon capture systems that effectively cut CO2 emissions and battle climate change.

Storage and Utilization

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) methods rely heavily on the storage of captured carbon dioxide (CO2) and its conversion into useable products. Geological storage and the conversion of CO2 into useful products are potential ways to combat climate change. Nieminen et al. (2020) describe geological storage as the injection of collected CO2 into suitable geological formations such as aquifers or depleted oil or gas fields. This technology provides a secure and long-term option for storing massive amounts of CO2, avoiding its emission into the environment (Mahmoud, 2017). However, issues such as the possibility of CO2 leakage and the requirement for monitoring and verification systems exist (Myers et al., 2019).

Another strategy for reducing CO2 emissions is to convert CO2 into useable goods. One way is to convert CO2 into methane via methanation processes, which can then be used as a fuel source (Hu and Urakawa, 2018). Furthermore, the use of CO2 in rechargeable Li-CO2 batteries has demonstrated potential as a unique approach of capturing and exploiting CO2 (Hou et al., 2017). Furthermore, carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) technologies enable the transformation of CO2 into carbonate minerals, which can be permanently stored in geological formations (Petros et al., 2021).

Furthermore, the utilization of CO2 in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques has the dual benefit of storing CO2 underground while enhancing oil output (Mahmoud, 2017). This strategy not only lowers CO2 emissions, but it also improves energy production efficiency. Furthermore, the use of CO2 in the synthesis of valuable chemicals and materials via catalytic processes offers prospects for establishing a circular carbon economy (López et al. 2018).

Despite the potential benefits of storing and utilizing captured CO2, concerns about the energy intensity of conversion processes, economic viability, and scalability must be addressed (Quang et al., 2020). Furthermore, continuing research and innovation are focused on developing efficient and cost-effective methods for turning CO2 into high-value products (Tran et al., 2022).

Finally, the storage and usage of captured CO2 are critical components of CCS methods designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It is feasible to reduce climate change while still creating value from CO2 emissions by experimenting with various storage systems and conversion technologies.

References:

Aditi, R., Sreenivas, A., Fernandes, G., Simha, N., & Puttaswamy, C. (2020). Carbon dioxide capture using graphene oxide membrane and its usage. Global J. Sci. Eng., 16-21. https://doi.org/10.37516/global.j.sci.eng.2020.131

Ahmed, A., Rahman, R., & Bakri, M. (2021). A review based on low- and high-stream global carbon capture and storage (ccs) technology and implementation strategy. Journal of Applied Science & Process Engineering, 8(1), 722-737. https://doi.org/10.33736/jaspe.3157.2021

Alphen, K., Voorst, Q., Hekkert, M., & Smits, R. (2007). Societal acceptance of carbon capture and storage technologies. Energy Policy, 35(8), 4368-4380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2007.03.006

Alqaheem, Y. (2021). Membranes for carbon dioxide capture from kuwait power stations:process and economic analysis. International Journal of Thermodynamics, 24(4), 72-77. https://doi.org/10.5541/ijot.1017177

Alsarhan, L., Alayyar, A., Alqahtani, N., & Khdary, N. (2021). Circular carbon economy (cce): a way to invest co2 and protect the environment, a review. Sustainability, 13(21), 11625. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132111625

Bi, W., Zhu, T., Park, D., & Row, K. (2012). Sorption of carbon dioxide by ionic liquid‐based sorbents. Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering, 7(1), 86-92. https://doi.org/10.1002/apj.495

Blomberg, A., Waarum, I., Totland, C., & Eek, E. (2021). Marine monitoring for offshore geological carbon storage—a review of strategies, technologies and trends. Geosciences, 11(9), 383. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11090383

Cherepovitsyn, A., Chvileva, T., & Fedoseev, S. (2020). Popularization of carbon capture and storage technology in society: principles and methods. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(22), 8368. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228368

Choi, S., Drese, J., & Jones, C. (2009). Adsorbent materials for carbon dioxide capture from large anthropogenic point sources. Chemsuschem, 2(9), 796-854. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.200900036

Cormoş, C., Cormoş, A., & Agachi, S. (2009). Power generation from coal and biomass based on integrated gasification combined cycle concept with pre‐ and post‐combustion carbon capture methods. Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering, 4(6), 870-877. https://doi.org/10.1002/apj.354

Creamer, A. and Gao, B. (2016). Carbon-based adsorbents for postcombustion co2 capture: a critical review. Environmental Science & Technology, 50(14), 7276-7289. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b00627

Cumming, D., Thompson, A., & Rothman, R. (2016). Nickel impregnated cerium-doped strontium titanate fuel electrode: direct carbon dioxide electrolysis and co-electrolysis. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 163(11), F3057-F3061. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0081611jes

Donskoy, I. (2021). Thermodynamic modeling of solid fuel gasification in mixtures of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Journal of Physics Conference Series, 2119(1), 012101. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2119/1/012101

Eriksson, M., Hökfors, B., & Backman, R. (2014). Oxyfuel combustion in rotary kiln lime production. Energy Science & Engineering, 2(4), 204-215. https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.40

Hamed, A. (2023). Design and simulate an amine-based co2 capture process for a steam methane reforming hydrogen production plant. Iop Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, 1281(1), 012048. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1281/1/012048

Hou, Y., Wang, J., Liu, Y., Chou, S., Shi, D., Liu, H., … & Chen, J. (2017). Mo2c/cnt: an efficient catalyst for rechargeable li–co2 batteries. Advanced Functional Materials, 27(27). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201700564

Hu, L. and Urakawa, A. (2018). Continuous co2 capture and reduction in one process: co2 methanation over unpromoted and promoted ni/zro2. Journal of Co2 Utilization, 25, 323-329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2018.03.013

Lan, K. and Yao, Y. (2022). Feasibility of gasifying mixed plastic waste for hydrogen production and carbon capture and storage. Communications Earth & Environment, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-022-00632-1

Li, D., Furukawa, H., Deng, H., Liu, C., Yaghi, O., & Eisenberg, D. (2013). Designed amyloid fibers as materials for selective carbon dioxide capture. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(1), 191-196. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1321797111

Ling, J. and Feng, J. (2023). Co2 capture based on polyanthraquinone/carbon nanotube composites. Journal of Physics Conference Series, 2418(1), 012012. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2418/1/012012

López, M., Broderick, L., Carey, J., Viñes, F., Nolan, M., & Illas, F. (2018). Tuning transition metal carbide activity by surface metal alloying: a case study on co2capture and activation. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 20(34), 22179-22186. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cp03648a

Mahmoud, M. (2017). Dual benefit of co2 sequestration: storage and enhanced oil recovery. Petroleum & Petrochemical Engineering Journal, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.23880/ppej-16000109

Myers, M., Roberts, J., White, C., & Stalker, L. (2019). The impact of water on co2 leak rate measurements for ccs projects. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3366400

Nieminen, H., Järvinen, L., Ruuskanen, V., Laari, A., Koiranen, T., & Ahola, J. (2020). Insights into a membrane contactor based demonstration unit for co2 capture. Separation and Purification Technology, 231, 115951. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2019.115951

Ogawa, T. (2013). Carbon dioxide capture and utilization for gas engine. Energy and Power Engineering, 05(10), 587-590. https://doi.org/10.4236/epe.2013.510064

Oko, E., Wang, M., & Olaleye, A. (2015). Simplification of detailed rate-based model of post-combustion co2 capture for full chain ccs integration studies. Fuel, 142, 87-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.10.083

Petros, P., Heilweck, M., & Moore, D. (2021). Saving the planet with appropriate biotechnology: 5. an action plan. Mexican Journal of Biotechnology, 6(2), 1-60. https://doi.org/10.29267/mxjb.2021.6.2.1

Quang, D., Duong, D., Ha, V., Duc, D., Dung, T., & Abu-Zahra, M. (2020). Evaluation on the stability of amine-mesoporous silica adsorbents used for co2 capture. Vnu Journal of Science Earth and Environmental Sciences, 36(1). https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4549

Salehi, S. and Anbia, M. (2018). Highly efficient co2 capture with a metal–organic framework‐derived porous carbon impregnated with polyethyleneimine. Applied Organometallic Chemistry, 32(7). https://doi.org/10.1002/aoc.4390

Shamiri, A. and Shafeeyan, M. (2022). Evaluation of adsorbent materials for carbon dioxide capture. Materialwissenschaft Und Werkstofftechnik, 53(11), 1392-1409. https://doi.org/10.1002/mawe.202100332

Szulczewski, M., MacMinn, C., Herzog, H., & Juanes, R. (2012). Lifetime of carbon capture and storage as a climate-change mitigation technology. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(14), 5185-5189. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1115347109

Sánchez-Sánchez, Á., Suárez-Garcı́a, F., Martı́nez-Alonso, A., & Tascón, J. (2014). Influence of porous texture and surface chemistry on the co2 adsorption capacity of porous carbons: acidic and basic site interactions. Acs Applied Materials & Interfaces, 6(23), 21237-21247. https://doi.org/10.1021/am506176e

Tcvetkov, P. and Cherepovitsyn, A. (2016). Prospects of ccs projects implementation in russia: environmental protection and economic opportunities. Journal of Ecological Engineering, 17(2), 24-32. https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/62282

Tran, N., Ta, Q., & Nguyen, P. (2022). Transformation of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, into useful components and reducing global warming: a comprehensive review. International Journal of Energy Research, 46(13), 17926-17951. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.8479

Vasilev, Y., Cherepovitsyn, A., Tsvetkova, A., & Komendantova, N. (2021). Promoting public awareness of carbon capture and storage technologies in the russian federation: a system of educational activities. Energies, 14(5), 1408. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14051408

Yamada, H. (2020). Amine-based capture of co2 for utilization and storage. Polymer Journal, 53(1), 93-102. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41428-020-00400-y